<![CDATA[Pc Laptop Repair Forum - All Forums]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/ Thu, 11 Mar 2010 22:04:27 -0700 MyBB <![CDATA[Fujitsu Amilo LI 3710 Driver available for windows XP]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=34 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 13:27:09 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=34 cheers



PC Repair Northampton]]> cheers



PC Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[How To Install Windows XP on Fujitsu Amilo LI 3710 Complete Guide]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=33 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 13:23:27 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=33 I have noticed many times people downgrade amilo li3710 to xp during installation it creates a problem i-e A problem has been detected and windows has been shutdown to prevent damage to your computer"

Stop: 0x0000007B (0xf78D2324, 0xc0000054, 0x00000000, 0x00000000

Dont have to worry I have available complete Installation guide I have done it on at 10 machines they are working properly if any one looking for guide pm me
cheers

PC Repair Northampton]]> I have noticed many times people downgrade amilo li3710 to xp during installation it creates a problem i-e A problem has been detected and windows has been shutdown to prevent damage to your computer"

Stop: 0x0000007B (0xf78D2324, 0xc0000054, 0x00000000, 0x00000000

Dont have to worry I have available complete Installation guide I have done it on at 10 machines they are working properly if any one looking for guide pm me
cheers

PC Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[MSDOS.SYS then loads into memory?]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=32 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:14:28 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=32 makes DOS or Win95 operate. Specifically, it lets you manage file names, execute programs, and allows hardware and
software to manage interrupt (IRQ) requests.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> makes DOS or Win95 operate. Specifically, it lets you manage file names, execute programs, and allows hardware and
software to manage interrupt (IRQ) requests.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[The ROM BIOS will then look to the boot sector?]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=31 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:12:50 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=31 program of your operating system. If it can't find this file in that location, the PC will give an error message to the
screen. When it does find the file, it loads the file into RAM, and then your operating system takes charge of the
computer.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> program of your operating system. If it can't find this file in that location, the PC will give an error message to the
screen. When it does find the file, it loads the file into RAM, and then your operating system takes charge of the
computer.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[If POST finds that there is a problem with your PC?]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=30 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:10:59 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=30 specifically what is wrong with the unit. If it cannot display such a message, it will beep in a specific pattern that
indicates exactly what is wrong. If everything is OK with the computer, POST will sound one beep to the system
speaker, indicating that all of the tests passed normally with no errors.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> specifically what is wrong with the unit. If it cannot display such a message, it will beep in a specific pattern that
indicates exactly what is wrong. If everything is OK with the computer, POST will sound one beep to the system
speaker, indicating that all of the tests passed normally with no errors.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[As POST checks your computer,?]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=29 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:08:45 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=29 are in your PC. Specifically, it records what type of video card, floppy drives, hard disk, memory and so forth are
contained in your PC. POST will test your computer based on what it believes is in your PC ... if the information is
missing or incorrect, the PC may not be able to recognize or use certain components in your system. It's important to
keep a record of what specifically is inside your computer, and that you have a record of what is written into CMOS
RAM.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> are in your PC. Specifically, it records what type of video card, floppy drives, hard disk, memory and so forth are
contained in your PC. POST will test your computer based on what it believes is in your PC ... if the information is
missing or incorrect, the PC may not be able to recognize or use certain components in your system. It's important to
keep a record of what specifically is inside your computer, and that you have a record of what is written into CMOS
RAM.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[STEPS IN THE BOOT PROCESS?]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=28 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:07:34 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=28 called F000 ...that is where the ROM BIOS chip is located. The ROM BIOS chip is what makes your PC IBMcompatible.
When the CPU finds the ROM BIOS chip, it invokes the first program found in memory, which is POST:
the Power-On Self Test. This self-test ensures that all of your components are operating properly BEFORE you begin
working with the computer.



Pc Repair Northampton]]> called F000 ...that is where the ROM BIOS chip is located. The ROM BIOS chip is what makes your PC IBMcompatible.
When the CPU finds the ROM BIOS chip, it invokes the first program found in memory, which is POST:
the Power-On Self Test. This self-test ensures that all of your components are operating properly BEFORE you begin
working with the computer.



Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[MCA Bus Connectors]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=27 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:05:16 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=27 connector transmitted either 16 or 32 bits of data, using bus mastering to allocate IRQ and DMA channel resources. PS/2
systems had only MCA connectors in them; no ISA or EISA connectors were allowed in such systems. Because few
manufacturers adopted the MCA standard, and because IBM was the sole source for MCA adapter cards, the MCA bus
became obsolete. No current technology PCs use an MCA bus structure.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> connector transmitted either 16 or 32 bits of data, using bus mastering to allocate IRQ and DMA channel resources. PS/2
systems had only MCA connectors in them; no ISA or EISA connectors were allowed in such systems. Because few
manufacturers adopted the MCA standard, and because IBM was the sole source for MCA adapter cards, the MCA bus
became obsolete. No current technology PCs use an MCA bus structure.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[PCI Local Bus Connectors]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=26 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:04:00 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=26 it manufactured and licensed, thus imposing the standard. The bus connector transmits either 32 or 64 bits of data at a time
(depending upon the type of CPU), bypassing the DMA controllers, at the input clock speed of the CPU (just as with the
VESA-Local Bus connectors). The bus connector is white in color, and smaller than all of the other types of bus connectors.
PCI devices include video cards, SCSI host adapters, network cards, and drive interface cards.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> it manufactured and licensed, thus imposing the standard. The bus connector transmits either 32 or 64 bits of data at a time
(depending upon the type of CPU), bypassing the DMA controllers, at the input clock speed of the CPU (just as with the
VESA-Local Bus connectors). The bus connector is white in color, and smaller than all of the other types of bus connectors.
PCI devices include video cards, SCSI host adapters, network cards, and drive interface cards.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[VESA-Local Bus Connectors]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=25 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:02:46 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=25 fast 32-bit bus connector that could be easily implemented within standard PC architechture. The VESA-Local Bus provides 2
to 3 specialized 32-bit bus connectors on what would normally be an ISA motherboard. A third connector is added to the
standard 16-bit ISA bus connector, and this connector passes 32-bits of data at a time directly to the CPU, bypassing the
DMA and Interrupt controller chips. The data is passed to the CPU at the speed of the CPU, rather than at the 7.16 MHz
speed at which the DMA and Interrupt controller chips are running. VESA-Local Bus devices would include video cards,
drive interface cards, and SCSI host adapters; these devices would benefit from the added speed and bandwidth the VESALocal
Bus connector provides. Other devices (sound cards, modems) do not require fast bus connections, and would be
inserted into standard ISA bus connectors.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> fast 32-bit bus connector that could be easily implemented within standard PC architechture. The VESA-Local Bus provides 2
to 3 specialized 32-bit bus connectors on what would normally be an ISA motherboard. A third connector is added to the
standard 16-bit ISA bus connector, and this connector passes 32-bits of data at a time directly to the CPU, bypassing the
DMA and Interrupt controller chips. The data is passed to the CPU at the speed of the CPU, rather than at the 7.16 MHz
speed at which the DMA and Interrupt controller chips are running. VESA-Local Bus devices would include video cards,
drive interface cards, and SCSI host adapters; these devices would benefit from the added speed and bandwidth the VESALocal
Bus connector provides. Other devices (sound cards, modems) do not require fast bus connections, and would be
inserted into standard ISA bus connectors.


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architechture) Bus Connectors]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=24 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 15:01:15 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=24 to plug in special EISA 32-bit adapter cards. A 2-level card-edge connector allows ISA cards to be pressed down into the
first level of the connector, while EISA cards are designed to be inserted even further down into the connector, allowing the
card to access the 32-bit data lines at the bottom of the connector. Special 32-bit EISA cards were manufactured by a limited
number of companies, and the cost of EISA devices (such as drive controllers, video cards, etc.) were rather high. EISAbased
motherboards and adapter cards saw limited use in the PC world, and EISA systems were used as network file servers
and other kinds of high-performance systems (CAD, graphics development).

Pc Repair Northampton]]> to plug in special EISA 32-bit adapter cards. A 2-level card-edge connector allows ISA cards to be pressed down into the
first level of the connector, while EISA cards are designed to be inserted even further down into the connector, allowing the
card to access the 32-bit data lines at the bottom of the connector. Special 32-bit EISA cards were manufactured by a limited
number of companies, and the cost of EISA devices (such as drive controllers, video cards, etc.) were rather high. EISAbased
motherboards and adapter cards saw limited use in the PC world, and EISA systems were used as network file servers
and other kinds of high-performance systems (CAD, graphics development).

Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[TYPES OF BUS CONNECTORS?]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=23 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 14:59:03 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=23 This type of bus connection is the most common. ISA bus connectors will be found in all XT- and AT-class computers,
including Pentium motherboards. ISA bus connectors are black in color, and transmit either 8 or 16 bits of data at a time.
The shorter black connectors are 8-bit connectors, and the 2-part black connectors are 16-bit connectors. 8-bit cards can go
into 16-bit slots (connectors), but 16-bit cards should not be plugged into an 8-bit slot. ISA bus connectors pass data to and
from the CPU via the DMA (Direct Memory Access) and interrupt controllers located on the motherboard; these chips act as
"traffic cops", policing what data gets to the CPU, and in what order.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> This type of bus connection is the most common. ISA bus connectors will be found in all XT- and AT-class computers,
including Pentium motherboards. ISA bus connectors are black in color, and transmit either 8 or 16 bits of data at a time.
The shorter black connectors are 8-bit connectors, and the 2-part black connectors are 16-bit connectors. 8-bit cards can go
into 16-bit slots (connectors), but 16-bit cards should not be plugged into an 8-bit slot. ISA bus connectors pass data to and
from the CPU via the DMA (Direct Memory Access) and interrupt controllers located on the motherboard; these chips act as
"traffic cops", policing what data gets to the CPU, and in what order.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[HOW DO VIRUSES AFFECT YOUR PC?]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=22 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 14:55:30 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=22 1) The Boot Sector: The boot sector is where your operating system files reside on your floppy
or hard disk. A virus will go to that location on your disk and corrupt these
files (IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, and COMMAND.COM) so that your PC will
NOT boot up as expected.
EXAMPLE: the STONED virus.
2) The File Allocation Table: The File Allocation Table (FAT) is a list of all the files on your floppy or
hard disk, and where the files are physically located on the disk. A virus
will corrupt the FAT so that you cannot locate or access your files.
EXAMPLE: the CASCADE virus.
3) The Partition Table: The partition table on your HARD DISK tells MS-DOS how big your hard
disk is, and what percentage of it is used by MS-DOS. A virus can corrupt
your partition table, which wipes out ALL of your files in an instant.
EXAMPLE: the MICHELANGELO virus.
4) .COM and .EXE Files: Files with these extensions are EXECUTABLE files, which perform a
specific action. A virus can attach itself to one of these kinds of files and
corrupt the way it operates.
EXAMPLE: the 4096 virus.
3 THINGS A GOOD VIRUS PROTECTION PROGRAM SHOULD DO
1) SCAN for viruses: A good program should be able to check your floppy and hard disks for
viruses, as well as the RAM of your computer, and detect the presence of a
virus in the 4 locations mentioned above.
2) CLEAN up the virus: A good program must be able to get rid of the virus it finds in any of the 4
places mentioned above; otherwise, it's useless.
3) PROTECT YOU from viruses: A good program must have the ability to load a piece of the program into memory
at boot-up time, to protect you from getting a virus in the first place.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> 1) The Boot Sector: The boot sector is where your operating system files reside on your floppy
or hard disk. A virus will go to that location on your disk and corrupt these
files (IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, and COMMAND.COM) so that your PC will
NOT boot up as expected.
EXAMPLE: the STONED virus.
2) The File Allocation Table: The File Allocation Table (FAT) is a list of all the files on your floppy or
hard disk, and where the files are physically located on the disk. A virus
will corrupt the FAT so that you cannot locate or access your files.
EXAMPLE: the CASCADE virus.
3) The Partition Table: The partition table on your HARD DISK tells MS-DOS how big your hard
disk is, and what percentage of it is used by MS-DOS. A virus can corrupt
your partition table, which wipes out ALL of your files in an instant.
EXAMPLE: the MICHELANGELO virus.
4) .COM and .EXE Files: Files with these extensions are EXECUTABLE files, which perform a
specific action. A virus can attach itself to one of these kinds of files and
corrupt the way it operates.
EXAMPLE: the 4096 virus.
3 THINGS A GOOD VIRUS PROTECTION PROGRAM SHOULD DO
1) SCAN for viruses: A good program should be able to check your floppy and hard disks for
viruses, as well as the RAM of your computer, and detect the presence of a
virus in the 4 locations mentioned above.
2) CLEAN up the virus: A good program must be able to get rid of the virus it finds in any of the 4
places mentioned above; otherwise, it's useless.
3) PROTECT YOU from viruses: A good program must have the ability to load a piece of the program into memory
at boot-up time, to protect you from getting a virus in the first place.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=21 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 15:12:49 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=21 example, if only one computer cannot communicate across a network, it will be handled
differently than if several (or all) computers on a network cannot communicate. The easiest
way to determine how many devices are having trouble is by using a simple test. Since
most computers use TCP/IP, one tool that can be used for testing is the ping command.
Ping sends a packet to an IP destination (that you determine) and a reply is sent back from
the destination device (when everything is working fine). The ping command can be used
to determine if the network path is available, if there are delays along the path, and whether
the remote network device is reachable.
The ping utility can be used to test the NIC as well as the TCP/IP protocol running on
the NIC with the command ping 127.0.0.1. The 127.0.0.1 IP address is what is known as
a private IP address, which means it cannot be used by the outside world. The 127.0.0.1
is also known as a loopback address.Aloopback address is not used to check connections
to another computer, but is used to test a NIC card’s own basic network setup.
If the ping is successful (a message that a reply was received from 127.0.0.1), then the
TCP/IP protocol stack is working correctly on the NIC. If the ping responds with a no
answer or 100% packet loss error, TCP/IP is not properly installed or functioning correctly
on that one workstation.
The ping command can be used to check connectivity all around the network.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> example, if only one computer cannot communicate across a network, it will be handled
differently than if several (or all) computers on a network cannot communicate. The easiest
way to determine how many devices are having trouble is by using a simple test. Since
most computers use TCP/IP, one tool that can be used for testing is the ping command.
Ping sends a packet to an IP destination (that you determine) and a reply is sent back from
the destination device (when everything is working fine). The ping command can be used
to determine if the network path is available, if there are delays along the path, and whether
the remote network device is reachable.
The ping utility can be used to test the NIC as well as the TCP/IP protocol running on
the NIC with the command ping 127.0.0.1. The 127.0.0.1 IP address is what is known as
a private IP address, which means it cannot be used by the outside world. The 127.0.0.1
is also known as a loopback address.Aloopback address is not used to check connections
to another computer, but is used to test a NIC card’s own basic network setup.
If the ping is successful (a message that a reply was received from 127.0.0.1), then the
TCP/IP protocol stack is working correctly on the NIC. If the ping responds with a no
answer or 100% packet loss error, TCP/IP is not properly installed or functioning correctly
on that one workstation.
The ping command can be used to check connectivity all around the network.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[NETWORK ADDRESSING]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=20 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 15:05:02 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=20 and an IP address. The MAC address is used when two network devices on the same
network communicate with one another. The MAC address is a 48-bit unique number that
is burned into a ROM chip located on the NIC and is represented in hexadecimal. A MAC
address is unique for every computer on the network. However, the MAC address has no
scheme to it except that the first three bytes represent the manufacturer. The MAC address
is known as a layer 2 address.
The IP address is a much more organized way of addressing a computer than a MAC
address and it is sometimes known as a layer 3 address. The IP address is a 32-bit number
that is entered into a NIC’s configuration parameters. The IP address is used when multiple
networks are connected together and when accessing the Internet. The IP address is shown
using dotted decimal notation, such as 192.168.10.4. Each number is separated by periods
and represents eight bits, and the numbers that can be represented by eight bits are 0 to
255.
IP addresses are grouped into classes. It is easy to tell which type of IP address is being
issued by the first number shown in the dotted decimal notation. Class A addresses have
any number from 0 to 127 as the first number; Class B addresses have any number from
128 to 191 as the first number; and Class C addresses have numbers 192 through 223. For example, if a computer has an IP address of 12.150.172.39, the IP address is a Class A
address because the first number is 12. If a computer has an IP address of 176.10.100.2,
it is a Class B IP address because the first number is 176.
An IP address is broken into two major parts—the network number and the host number.
The network number is the portion of the IP address that represents which network
the computer is on. All computers on the same network have the same network number.
The host number is the portion of the IP address that represents the specific computer on
the network. All computers on the same network have unique host numbers or they will
not be able to communicate.
The number of bits that are used to represent the network number and the host number
depends on which class of IP address is being used. With Class A IP addresses, the first
eight bits (the first number) represent the network portion and the remaining 24 bits (the
last three numbers) represent the host number. With Class B IP addresses, the first 16 bits
(the first two numbers) represent the network portion and the remaining 16 bits (the last
two numbers) represent the host number. With Class C IP addresses, the first 24 bits (the
first three numbers) represent the network portion, and the remaining eight bits (the last
number) represent the host number. Networkillustrates this point.
IP Addressing (Network Number and Host Number)
In order to see how IP addressing works, it is best to use an example. A business has
two networks connected together with a router. On each network, there are computer workstations
and printers. Each of the networks must have a unique network number. For this
example, one network has the network number of 193.14.150.0, and the other network has
the network number of 193.14.151.0. Notice how these numbers represent a Class C IP
address because the first number is 193.
With a Class C IP address, the first three numbers represent the network number. The
first network has a network number of 193.14.150 and the second network has a network
number of 193.14.151. Remember that each network has to have a different number than
any other network in the organization. The last number of the IP address will be used to
assign each different network device its own IP address. On the first network, each device
will have a number that starts with 193.14.150 because that is the network number and it
stays the same for all devices on that network. Each device will then have a different
number in the last portion of the IP address, for example, 193.14.150.3, 193.14.150.4,
193.14.150.5.
On the second network, each device will have a number that starts with 193.14.151
because that is the network number. The last number in the IP address changes for each
network device, for example, 193.14.151.3, 193.14.151.4, 193.14.151.5, and so forth. No
device can have a host number of 0 because that number represents the network and no
device can have a host number of 255 because that represents something called the broadcast
address. A broadcast address is the IP address used to communicate with all devices
on a particular network. So, in the example given, no network device can be assigned the
IP addresses 193.14.150.0 or 193.14.151.0 because these numbers represent the two networks.
Furthermore, no network device can be assigned the IP addresses 193.14.150.255
or 193.14.151.255 because these numbers represent the broadcast address used with each
network. An example of a Class B broadcast is 150.10.255.255. An example of a Class A
broadcast is 11.255.255.255. Network.
In addition to assigning a computer an IP address, you must also assign a subnet mask.
The subnet mask is a number that the computer uses to determine which part of the IP
address represents the network and which portion represents the host. The subnet mask for
a Class A IP address is 255.0.0.0; the subnet mask for a Class B IP address is 255.255.0.0;
the subnet mask for a Class C IP address is 255.255.255.0.0. Network Table #5 recaps this
important information.
Network Table 5: IP Address Information
Class First Number Network/Host Number Standard Subnet Mask
A 0−127 N.H.H.H* 255.0.0.0
B 128−192 N.N.H.H* 255.255.0.0
C 192−222 N.N.N.H* 255.255.255.0
*N = Network number & H = Host number


Pc Repair Northampton]]> and an IP address. The MAC address is used when two network devices on the same
network communicate with one another. The MAC address is a 48-bit unique number that
is burned into a ROM chip located on the NIC and is represented in hexadecimal. A MAC
address is unique for every computer on the network. However, the MAC address has no
scheme to it except that the first three bytes represent the manufacturer. The MAC address
is known as a layer 2 address.
The IP address is a much more organized way of addressing a computer than a MAC
address and it is sometimes known as a layer 3 address. The IP address is a 32-bit number
that is entered into a NIC’s configuration parameters. The IP address is used when multiple
networks are connected together and when accessing the Internet. The IP address is shown
using dotted decimal notation, such as 192.168.10.4. Each number is separated by periods
and represents eight bits, and the numbers that can be represented by eight bits are 0 to
255.
IP addresses are grouped into classes. It is easy to tell which type of IP address is being
issued by the first number shown in the dotted decimal notation. Class A addresses have
any number from 0 to 127 as the first number; Class B addresses have any number from
128 to 191 as the first number; and Class C addresses have numbers 192 through 223. For example, if a computer has an IP address of 12.150.172.39, the IP address is a Class A
address because the first number is 12. If a computer has an IP address of 176.10.100.2,
it is a Class B IP address because the first number is 176.
An IP address is broken into two major parts—the network number and the host number.
The network number is the portion of the IP address that represents which network
the computer is on. All computers on the same network have the same network number.
The host number is the portion of the IP address that represents the specific computer on
the network. All computers on the same network have unique host numbers or they will
not be able to communicate.
The number of bits that are used to represent the network number and the host number
depends on which class of IP address is being used. With Class A IP addresses, the first
eight bits (the first number) represent the network portion and the remaining 24 bits (the
last three numbers) represent the host number. With Class B IP addresses, the first 16 bits
(the first two numbers) represent the network portion and the remaining 16 bits (the last
two numbers) represent the host number. With Class C IP addresses, the first 24 bits (the
first three numbers) represent the network portion, and the remaining eight bits (the last
number) represent the host number. Networkillustrates this point.
IP Addressing (Network Number and Host Number)
In order to see how IP addressing works, it is best to use an example. A business has
two networks connected together with a router. On each network, there are computer workstations
and printers. Each of the networks must have a unique network number. For this
example, one network has the network number of 193.14.150.0, and the other network has
the network number of 193.14.151.0. Notice how these numbers represent a Class C IP
address because the first number is 193.
With a Class C IP address, the first three numbers represent the network number. The
first network has a network number of 193.14.150 and the second network has a network
number of 193.14.151. Remember that each network has to have a different number than
any other network in the organization. The last number of the IP address will be used to
assign each different network device its own IP address. On the first network, each device
will have a number that starts with 193.14.150 because that is the network number and it
stays the same for all devices on that network. Each device will then have a different
number in the last portion of the IP address, for example, 193.14.150.3, 193.14.150.4,
193.14.150.5.
On the second network, each device will have a number that starts with 193.14.151
because that is the network number. The last number in the IP address changes for each
network device, for example, 193.14.151.3, 193.14.151.4, 193.14.151.5, and so forth. No
device can have a host number of 0 because that number represents the network and no
device can have a host number of 255 because that represents something called the broadcast
address. A broadcast address is the IP address used to communicate with all devices
on a particular network. So, in the example given, no network device can be assigned the
IP addresses 193.14.150.0 or 193.14.151.0 because these numbers represent the two networks.
Furthermore, no network device can be assigned the IP addresses 193.14.150.255
or 193.14.151.255 because these numbers represent the broadcast address used with each
network. An example of a Class B broadcast is 150.10.255.255. An example of a Class A
broadcast is 11.255.255.255. Network.
In addition to assigning a computer an IP address, you must also assign a subnet mask.
The subnet mask is a number that the computer uses to determine which part of the IP
address represents the network and which portion represents the host. The subnet mask for
a Class A IP address is 255.0.0.0; the subnet mask for a Class B IP address is 255.255.0.0;
the subnet mask for a Class C IP address is 255.255.255.0.0. Network Table #5 recaps this
important information.
Network Table 5: IP Address Information
Class First Number Network/Host Number Standard Subnet Mask
A 0−127 N.H.H.H* 255.0.0.0
B 128−192 N.N.H.H* 255.255.0.0
C 192−222 N.N.N.H* 255.255.255.0
*N = Network number & H = Host number


Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[NETWORK PROTOCOLS]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=19 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 14:58:42 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=19 protocols used: TCP/IP, NetBEUI, and IPX/SPX. TCP/IP (Transport Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol) is the most common network protocol and is used when accessing the
Internet. Most companies (and homes) use TCP/IP as their standard protocol. IPX/SPX
(Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange) is used when connecting
to a Novell network, but Novell networks now use TCP/IP as their standard protocol.
NetBEUI (NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface) is a non-routable network protocol. This
means that it can only be used on simple networks, not on multiple networks that are tied
together. A common place for NetBEUI is on a peer-to-peer network.
Another network protocol is AppleTalk. AppleTalk was used with Apple Macintosh
computers. Apple computers today use TCP/IP.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> protocols used: TCP/IP, NetBEUI, and IPX/SPX. TCP/IP (Transport Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol) is the most common network protocol and is used when accessing the
Internet. Most companies (and homes) use TCP/IP as their standard protocol. IPX/SPX
(Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange) is used when connecting
to a Novell network, but Novell networks now use TCP/IP as their standard protocol.
NetBEUI (NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface) is a non-routable network protocol. This
means that it can only be used on simple networks, not on multiple networks that are tied
together. A common place for NetBEUI is on a peer-to-peer network.
Another network protocol is AppleTalk. AppleTalk was used with Apple Macintosh
computers. Apple computers today use TCP/IP.

Pc Repair Northampton]]> <![CDATA[KEEP IT SIMPLE| When it comes to site design, easy does it.]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=18 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 09:14:41 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=18 applies to your overall site, its graphics and the copy or words. Let’s tackle
them one at a time. First, make sure your site is not loaded with so many bells
and whistles that your pages are slow to load. The faster people can navigate
around your site, the more likely they’ll be frequent visitors and buyers. Make
sure you monitor your pages to check loading times and fix any broken links.
Sites don’t need to be flashy. When designing your site, keep your target audience in mind.
Use bandwidth-consuming audio and video judiciously. Don’t put something up just because
it wows you; it needs to wow your customers as well. And that wow shouldn’t be restricted to
design—it should encompass site functionality as well.
You want to create a site that’s enjoyable for visitors to browse. Design your pages to allow
customers to easily find what they’re looking for. Users get bored and move on when they
have to search through pages and pages of information to find what they need.
Don’t clutter up your web pages. Some web entrepreneurs find that offering fewer products
with more detailed descriptions translates into higher sales. For others, success comes from
offering lots of products but categorizing and displaying them in a way that enhances the customer
experience.
Thas it now Dear Members still more to come
Web Design UK]]> applies to your overall site, its graphics and the copy or words. Let’s tackle
them one at a time. First, make sure your site is not loaded with so many bells
and whistles that your pages are slow to load. The faster people can navigate
around your site, the more likely they’ll be frequent visitors and buyers. Make
sure you monitor your pages to check loading times and fix any broken links.
Sites don’t need to be flashy. When designing your site, keep your target audience in mind.
Use bandwidth-consuming audio and video judiciously. Don’t put something up just because
it wows you; it needs to wow your customers as well. And that wow shouldn’t be restricted to
design—it should encompass site functionality as well.
You want to create a site that’s enjoyable for visitors to browse. Design your pages to allow
customers to easily find what they’re looking for. Users get bored and move on when they
have to search through pages and pages of information to find what they need.
Don’t clutter up your web pages. Some web entrepreneurs find that offering fewer products
with more detailed descriptions translates into higher sales. For others, success comes from
offering lots of products but categorizing and displaying them in a way that enhances the customer
experience.
Thas it now Dear Members still more to come
Web Design UK]]> <![CDATA[Web Design | BUILD A PROSPECT DATABASE]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=17 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 09:11:06 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=17 visitors in order to build a prospect database. There are various ways to do this. For instance,
you could provide a visible “Contact Us” link. Throughout this book, you’ll find details about
the other ways to collect e-mail addresses from your customers the right way. Once visitors
sign up—and remember, you need to get their permission to market to them—start a relationship.
(For more on permission-based marketing, Tell
them about events in the area. Promote special holiday stays. Celebrate the opening of ski season.
Send birthday or anniversary e-cards containing discounts and special offers. Reward
returning customers with a glossy national B&B directory. Show them that you value their
patronage. You can adopt these tactics no matter what type of business you operate.
Your website is more than just a Yellow Pages-type display ad. It’s a dynamic marketing platform
that should engage and inform customers. Look beyond the basics of who, what, when
and how much, and use your imagination to create promotions and build content and hooks
that bring visitors back for more Web Design UK]]> visitors in order to build a prospect database. There are various ways to do this. For instance,
you could provide a visible “Contact Us” link. Throughout this book, you’ll find details about
the other ways to collect e-mail addresses from your customers the right way. Once visitors
sign up—and remember, you need to get their permission to market to them—start a relationship.
(For more on permission-based marketing, Tell
them about events in the area. Promote special holiday stays. Celebrate the opening of ski season.
Send birthday or anniversary e-cards containing discounts and special offers. Reward
returning customers with a glossy national B&B directory. Show them that you value their
patronage. You can adopt these tactics no matter what type of business you operate.
Your website is more than just a Yellow Pages-type display ad. It’s a dynamic marketing platform
that should engage and inform customers. Look beyond the basics of who, what, when
and how much, and use your imagination to create promotions and build content and hooks
that bring visitors back for more Web Design UK]]> <![CDATA[Web Design| A REASON TO STAY]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=16 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 09:05:51 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=16 magnets—things that excite people and make them come back for more. Use promotions
online just as you would offline. Let’s say you run a bed-and-breakfast. Obviously, you want
people to come to your site and book a stay. But maybe they’re comparison shopping or just
doing some research. How do you get them to buy now or at least bookmark your site for
future use? The simple answer: Market to them. Offer a “three nights for the price of two” promotion,
or run a contest for a free two-night midweek stay. Promotions keep customers and
prospects engaged and eager to return to your site for another chance at the prize.
Web Design UK]]> magnets—things that excite people and make them come back for more. Use promotions
online just as you would offline. Let’s say you run a bed-and-breakfast. Obviously, you want
people to come to your site and book a stay. But maybe they’re comparison shopping or just
doing some research. How do you get them to buy now or at least bookmark your site for
future use? The simple answer: Market to them. Offer a “three nights for the price of two” promotion,
or run a contest for a free two-night midweek stay. Promotions keep customers and
prospects engaged and eager to return to your site for another chance at the prize.
Web Design UK]]> <![CDATA[WEBSITE REPORTS]]> http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=15 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 09:03:08 -0600 http://www.pclaptoprepairforum.com/showthread.php?tid=15 you’ll have to check your server logs using a reporting tool that helps you analyze the data.)
The reports should tell you the sites or search engines that send visitors your way, how much
time visitors spend on your site and which pages attract the most (and longest) views, how
visitors navigate their way through your site, and which pages are most popular.
It’s important to actually use the information you collect. This may mean changing your
pages, content, links or navigation, or revamping your search engine marketing strategies to
make sure that you’re driving the right customers to your site. You’re not playing a pure numbers
game here. Web marketing
is not just about aggregating
numbers; it’s about getting the
right people to your site. You
might think there’s nothing
wrong with your site. However,
you may not be the best judge.
Ask friends or colleagues to
check out your site. You might
be too close to it to see what
visitors see. Are visitors turned
off by your photographs and
illustrations, incomprehensible
headlines, too much clutter or
even “ugly” colors? Presentation
is key here—remember
that there are more than 11 billion
pages on the web, so you
need to capture viewers’ attention
fast.
Web Design UK
(08-05-2009 01:03 AM)ukwebdesigner Wrote:  Your web hosting company should provide you with website traffic reports. (If they don’t,
you’ll have to check your server logs using a reporting tool that helps you analyze the data.)
The reports should tell you the sites or search engines that send visitors your way, how much
time visitors spend on your site and which pages attract the most (and longest) views, how
visitors navigate their way through your site, and which pages are most popular.
It’s important to actually use the information you collect. This may mean changing your
pages, content, links or navigation, or revamping your search engine marketing strategies to
make sure that you’re driving the right customers to your site. You’re not playing a pure numbers
game here. Web marketing
is not just about aggregating
numbers; it’s about getting the
right people to your site. You
might think there’s nothing
wrong with your site. However,
you may not be the best judge.
Ask friends or colleagues to
check out your site. You might
be too close to it to see what
visitors see. Are visitors turned
off by your photographs and
illustrations, incomprehensible
headlines, too much clutter or
even “ugly” colors? Presentation
is key here—remember
that there are more than 11 billion
pages on the web, so you
need to capture viewers’ attention
fast.
Web Design UK

Once you get people to your site, engage them. Just talking about how wonderful you and your
company are will turn potential customers off. The net is all about information. Many visitors
come to your site to get key facts about your business, such as location, product or service
offerings, prices or rates, and contact information, and they don’t want to have to sift through
tons of marketing-babble to find it. Make sure your site design helps visitors navigate to what
they’re looking for quickly and easily.
Web Design UK]]> you’ll have to check your server logs using a reporting tool that helps you analyze the data.)
The reports should tell you the sites or search engines that send visitors your way, how much
time visitors spend on your site and which pages attract the most (and longest) views, how
visitors navigate their way through your site, and which pages are most popular.
It’s important to actually use the information you collect. This may mean changing your
pages, content, links or navigation, or revamping your search engine marketing strategies to
make sure that you’re driving the right customers to your site. You’re not playing a pure numbers
game here. Web marketing
is not just about aggregating
numbers; it’s about getting the
right people to your site. You
might think there’s nothing
wrong with your site. However,
you may not be the best judge.
Ask friends or colleagues to
check out your site. You might
be too close to it to see what
visitors see. Are visitors turned
off by your photographs and
illustrations, incomprehensible
headlines, too much clutter or
even “ugly” colors? Presentation
is key here—remember
that there are more than 11 billion
pages on the web, so you
need to capture viewers’ attention
fast.
Web Design UK
(08-05-2009 01:03 AM)ukwebdesigner Wrote:  Your web hosting company should provide you with website traffic reports. (If they don’t,
you’ll have to check your server logs using a reporting tool that helps you analyze the data.)
The reports should tell you the sites or search engines that send visitors your way, how much
time visitors spend on your site and which pages attract the most (and longest) views, how
visitors navigate their way through your site, and which pages are most popular.
It’s important to actually use the information you collect. This may mean changing your
pages, content, links or navigation, or revamping your search engine marketing strategies to
make sure that you’re driving the right customers to your site. You’re not playing a pure numbers
game here. Web marketing
is not just about aggregating
numbers; it’s about getting the
right people to your site. You
might think there’s nothing
wrong with your site. However,
you may not be the best judge.
Ask friends or colleagues to
check out your site. You might
be too close to it to see what
visitors see. Are visitors turned
off by your photographs and
illustrations, incomprehensible
headlines, too much clutter or
even “ugly” colors? Presentation
is key here—remember
that there are more than 11 billion
pages on the web, so you
need to capture viewers’ attention
fast.
Web Design UK

Once you get people to your site, engage them. Just talking about how wonderful you and your
company are will turn potential customers off. The net is all about information. Many visitors
come to your site to get key facts about your business, such as location, product or service
offerings, prices or rates, and contact information, and they don’t want to have to sift through
tons of marketing-babble to find it. Make sure your site design helps visitors navigate to what
they’re looking for quickly and easily.
Web Design UK]]>